Unlike Going Commando, the crystal sidequest is completely optional, is condensed into one medium sized area as opposed to two very large and vast areas, and the Amoeboid enemies are far less brutal than the infamous Y.E.T.I.s.The Hypershot is a combo of the Swingshot and Dynamo gadgets and automatically equips when a player is near them to save time and quickselect space for the player.Challenge Mode allows players to skip the Qwark Vid-Comics they already completed to save time, though this means missing out on the not-insubstantial bolt rewards they'll get for replaying them.The Phoenix vendor also has a generous "try before you buy" VR option to give the player a taste of the weapon they're trying to get. Vendors now have the option to refill all weapons on the spot as opposed to having to manually refill each one.Arena battles and mission based areas generously refill your ammo by default to save the player some bolts.The game's more generous bolt economy and the Gadgetron/Megacorp weapon discounts are just icing on the cake. For the players benefit, the Cash Gates from the previous games were permanently dropped from the series starting with this one, meaning players do not have to waste as much time grinding for bolts just to make progress and can focus entirely on saving up for weapons.According to the developer commentary, this sections purpose was to teach players how to use strafing and how to use cover in combat as well. At the very end of Veldin, theres a section where a hovering tyhrranoid is shooting at Ratchet in a way that makes it very difficult to attack it from a side angle, but also includes stone barricades to protect you.The game immediately encourages you to use the Launcher to destroy it to safely demonstrate its range of fire and damage-you cannot simply bypass it because it completely blocks the path below it, hitting it with the wrench is rather unwise due to its low damage output and the fact that it will put you right in its line of fire, and the Shock Blaster, while a decent alternative solution due to its own good range, takes far longer to destroy than with simply using a single Nitro bomb. Right at the beginning of Veldin, you're given the Nitro Launcher by the Galactic Rangers, and in front of you is a tyhrranoid hovership gatling away just barely out of range.And Now for Someone Completely Different: This is the first game in the franchise where Qwark is playable, albeit in the "Qwark Vid Comics".Ammo-Using Melee Weapon: The plasma whip.And as with the other two games, a handful of optional arena challenges aside, the game never forces you to buy a weapon, meaning a player can save up for a preferred weapon and pass up buying certain weapons until later. Challenge Mode also generously carries over the Bolt Multiplier from Going Commando, making it even easier to build up bolts, and even in normal play, the Jackpot Crate allows for quick bolt farming as well. The cash gates have been completely abandoned (the only gadget that needs to be bought is the optional Gadgetron PDA), arena challenges, missions, and the Qwark Vid-Comics provide ample opportunities to quickly farm lots of bolts, and the Old Save Bonus helps mitigate the high prices for the new weapons and allows the old and otherwise pricey Megacorp weapons to be bought for free. While the game's weapons can still get rather pricey (particularly in regards to the R.Y.3.N.O.), especially during Challenge Mode, the game's bolt economy is far more generous here than in previous games. Adam Smith Hates Your Guts: Heavily downplayed.Nefarious believes Clank is a real secret agent. While the games bolt economy is much more generous than the previous games, its still far more bolts than any player would need to get all of the weapons and gadgets, and takes a very long grind to even get close to reaching the cap. Absurdly High Level Cap: Unlike the previous two games, which capped bolts at 9,999,999, this game tops it off at 99,999,999.
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Cuda dim3 constructor12/20/2023 Same as -arch and -code, but may be repeated Generate binary for capability x.y, by default same as -arch Removes output files (with same exact compiler options) Saves intermediate files (e.g., pre-processed) for debugging List compilation commands, without executing List compilation commands as they are executed #include ĬublasSetVector ( n, elemSize, x_src_host, incx, y_dst_dev, incy ) ĬublasGetVector ( n, elemSize, x_src_dev, incx, y_dst_host, incy ) ĬublasSetVectorAsync( n, elemSize, x_src_host, incx, y_dst_dev, incy, stream ) ĬublasGetVectorAsync( n, elemSize, x_src_dev, incx, y_dst_host, incy, stream ) ĬublasSetMatrix ( rows, cols, elemSize, A_src_host, lda, B_dst_dev, ldb ) ĬublasGetMatrix ( rows, cols, elemSize, A_src_dev, lda, B_dst_host, ldb ) ĬublasSetMatrixAsync( rows, cols, elemSize, A_src_host, lda, B_dst_dev, ldb, stream ) ĬublasGetMatrixAsync( rows, cols, elemSize, A_src_dev, lda, B_dst_host, ldb, stream ) Indices are 1-based this affects result of iamax and iamin. integer indexĬuInit( 0 ) // takes flags for future useĬuDeviceGetName ( name, sizeof(name), dev ) ĬuDeviceComputeCapability( &major, &minor, dev ) ĬuDeviceGetProperties ( &properties, dev ) // max threads, etc. Wall clock cycle counter clock_t clock() Ĭan also return float2 or float4, depending on texRef. Int _ballot( predicate ) // nth thread sets nth bit to predicate Old = atomicCAS ( &addr, compare, value ) // old = *addr *addr = ((old = compare) ? value : old) Old = atomicXor ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr ^= value // compare-and-store Old = atomicOr ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr |= value Old = atomicAnd ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr &= value Old = atomicDec ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr = ((old = 0) or (old > val) ? val : old–1 ) Old = atomicInc ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr = ((old >= value) ? 0 : old+1 ) Old = atomicMax ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr = max( old, value ) // increment up to value, then reset to 0 // decrement down to 0, then reset to value Old = atomicMin ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr = min( old, value ) Old = atomicExch( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr = value Old = atomicSub ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr –= value It can be freed in a different kernel, though.Ītomic functions old = atomicAdd ( &addr, value ) // old = *addr *addr += value direction is one of cudaMemcpyHostToDevice or cudaMemcpyDeviceToHostĬudaMemcpy( dst_pointer, src_pointer, size, direction ) ĬudaMemcpyToSymbol ( dev_data, host_data, sizeof(host_data) ) // dev_data = host_dataĬudaMemcpyFromSymbol( host_data, dev_data, sizeof(host_data) ) // host_data = dev_dataĪlso, malloc and free work inside a kernel (2.x), but memory allocated in a kernel must be deallocated in a kernel (not the host). Memory management _device_ float* pointer Wait until memory accesses are visible to block and device and host (2.x) Wait until memory accesses are visible to block and device Wait until memory accesses are visible to block ) ĭim3 blocks( nx, ny, nz ) // cuda 1.x has 1D and 2D grids, cuda 2.x adds 3D gridsĭim3 threadsPerBlock( mx, my, mz ) // cuda 1.x has 1D, 2D, and 3D blocks ) ĭim3 can take 1, 2, or 3 argumetns: dim3 blocks1D( 5 ) ), for example: float2 xx = make_float2( 1., 2. Vector types char1, uchar1, short1, ushort1, int1, uint1, long1, ulong1, float1Ĭhar2, uchar2, short2, ushort2, int2, uint2, long2, ulong2, float2Ĭhar3, uchar3, short3, ushort3, int3, uint3, long3, ulong3, float3Ĭhar4, uchar4, short4, ushort4, int4, uint4, long4, ulong4, float4Ĭomponents are accessible as variable.x, variable.y, variable.z, variable.w.Ĭonstructor is make_( x. Most routines return an error code of type cudaError_t. Standard C definition that pointers are not aliased cu files, which contain mixture of host (CPU) and device (GPU) code.ĭeclares kernel, which is called on host and executed on deviceĭeclares device function, which is called and executed on deviceĭeclares host function, which is called and executed on hostĭeclares device variable in global memory, accessible from all threads, with lifetime of applicationĭeclares device variable in constant memory, accessible from all threads, with lifetime of applicationĭeclares device varibale in block's shared memory, accessible from all threads within a block, with lifetime of block Little alchemist game save downlaods12/20/2023 Little Alchemy 2 is a modified version of the original game with new features - for example now there is enciplopedia where you can store the final elements. Now you can play the Little Alchemy 2 - new version with new awesome features, graphics and a lot of things that gonna make you crazy. The first edition of the game was developed long ago but people all over the world enjoyed it until this time. If you have never played this game before I would like you to play it right now. In fact, it is the most interesting and addicting educational game both for kids and grown-ups. For an example, Air is the first.When we are speaking about the educational games which one comes to your mind first? Even though that there are a lot of different online games that can make your knowledge better including word games and puzzle games, there is one game which always stands above the crowd and it is called Little Alchemy. Constantly, I don’t know what to make because of so many things. Sometimes, it’s frustrating when you just can’t find an item in 10 minutes. I’d like it to add things, like more items. ❤️I’ve loved this game, but I am becoming to get bored of it. I’m glad that you can mute the sound, and also not have ads popping up all the time. If you have the “Water+?=puddle.” Would be easier for pro’s. “Water+?=puddle.” That’d be a helpful hint, instead of the hint saying. After you’ve watched a video, the hint will be. I like the video hint but, I think it should be, for an example. There is cheats, but that takes the fun out of the game. So, I do Air, and put every single item on top of it to see if it mix’s with anything. On the contrary, it’s fun to discover new combinations for known items! So, to conclude, I recommend this app to those who are looking for a fun time-killer or a cool game to play on their device. But, since I really enjoy this app truly, so it isn’t very bothersome. Lately, I’ve been getting “atmosphere” a lot. Once you’ve discovered a lot of elements, it’s hard to find new ones. Unfortunately, I must say it gets hard after a while. You’re basically combining elements to form more elements and you can use those elements to form even more elements-and it just keeps going! It’s so much fun! It also gives you a small explanation on what the element you discovered is, like for example: “Atmosphere: The layer of gases surrounding our planet that protects us from various invisible space horrors.” Plenty of other explanations are as unique as this, too. Little Alchemy 2 is seriously super cool! It’s a great way to pass the time, and I think that it’s honestly better than the one before it (Little Alchemy). Very easy to do from within the app though, which I appreciate. The soundtrack is nice but if you play it as long as I ended up doing, you will eventually shut it off. This app gives that "aha!" moment when you understand something new without the pressure to get it right. It's also very satisfying to find new combinations. It's very simple and follows the real world well- there's no combinations that aren't rooted in fact or culture. If you're someone who enjoys learning, I would say this is a definitely good game for you. I will say it can get a little frustrating when you get stuck, but there are plenty of online guides that will give you some answers in order to get going again. Fun fact: if you use up all your items, you can play with all the elements in a sandbox mode! I even bought the Myths and Monsters add-on (which is 100% worth the money if you enjoy this game, even if you don't know much about either of the two). I finally finished this game just today after playing it on-and-off for a LONG time. Part 2: Top 3 VOB to DVD Converter Freeware to Burn DVD Files 1. After that, you can click the Start button to convert VOB videos to a standard DVD. Step 4: Just have another check for the videos, you can click the Burn option to enter into the Settings window to select a destination, make burn settings and select playback mode. Moreover, you can also add background music, change background and more for burning VOB to DVD. Step 3: If you are satisfied with the videos within the DVD, you can select a preset menu from the Menu Template option, or even customize one of the Custom Template option. It has two major functions, video editing and chapter managing, which you can choose a desired tool for the effect. Step 2: In order to add chapters, rotate videos, or set thumbnails for the DVD disc, you can click the Power Tools option to apply the desired effect. Click the Add Media File(s) button to import the VOB files into the program and click the Next button to continue. Select the DVD Disc option to create a standard DVD for DVD player. Step 1: Download and install the VOB to DVD burner, launch the program on your computer. Advanced tools to create chapters, add subtitles, adjust quality and more.Personalize the DVD with preset menu templates and customized ones.Allow you to trim, crop, rotate, enhance, add watermark, audio track, etc.Burn VOB to DVD, DVD folder, DVD folder, or even Blu-ray disc with ease.Vidmore DVD Creator is a versatile VOB to DVD converter that creates DVD or makes Blu-ray disc/folder/ISO file from VOB files, edits the DVD videos with the built-in video editor, or even burn DVD/Blu-ray with the list of ready-to-use menu templates. When you need to play VOB with a DVD player, you have to burn VOB to a standard DVD, which includes DVD menu, button style, DVD captions and more others. Part 1: Best VOB to DVD Converter to Burn VOB to DVD Player Format Part 4: FAQs about How to Convert VOB Files to DVD Format.Part 3: Comparison Between the Different VOB to DVD Burners.Part 2: Top 3 VOB to DVD Converter Freeware to Burn DVD Files.Part 1: Best VOB to DVD Converter to Burn VOB to DVD Player Format. Notes * - Nexus DSC’s internal flash memory currently contains in excess of 73,500 objects while the microSD card extends this currently to over 2.3 million objects but the limiting factor is the size of the microSD card used. PRODUCT DETAILS Dimensions: 140mm x 120mm x 38mm (LxWxH) WHAT’S IN EACH BOXWhen your DSC arrives, it will contain:
Does bindi irwin have mosaic down syndrome12/19/2023 animated voices: Jacki Weaver, John Farnham, Hayes Gordon, Gary Files, Jim Smillie scifi fantasy unreleased animated theatrical feature that went straight to videoĪbsent Without Leave (John Laing, 1993) prod. Phillip Adams for Adams Packer Film Productions, music Peter Best, 90 min. Russell Hurley Robyn Bartley, Leon Cosack, Katie Morgan, puppetry by Denis Nicholson Eastman colour, 35mm, 85 min.Ībra Cadabra (Alexander Stitt, 1983) wr. Lamond, dp Garry Whapshott (in Australia), Lasse Bjork (in Sweden), design Stephen Walsh, ed. Amir Harel, Emile Sherman Josef Ber, Roy Billing, Geoffrey Rush Israel-Australia co-production stop-motion animationĪBC of Love and Sex Australia Style ( John D. Lane horrorħ Guardians of the Tomb (Kimble Rendall, 2018) Bingbing Li, Kellan Lutz, Kelsey Grammer, Chun Wu, Shane Jacobson action Glenn Standring Jamie Bell, Abbie Cornish, Mark Strong 1980 Iranian Embassy siege NZĦ Plots ( Leigh Sheehan, 2012) Emily Wheaton, Ryan Corr, Andrew Clarke, P.J. Lea Michela Carattini, Dianna La Grassa, Michael Drysdale scifiĦ Days (Toa Fraser, 2017) wr. Matthew Cormack, Sophie Hyde Tilda Cobham-Hervey, Del Bert, Imogen Archer family drama: gender reassignment Adelaide FF, October 2013 art Aust release ĥ4 Days (Tim R. Rob Marsala Richard Wilson, Emma Lung, Robin McLeavy shot Brisbane teen romanceĥ0 Ways of Saying Fabulous (Stewart Main, 2005) coming of age NZĥ2 Tuesdays (Sophie Hyde, 2013) wr. Elsa Chauvel, dp George Heath, additional exterior photography Frank Hurley, Tasman Higgins Grant Taylor, Betty Bryant, Chips Rafferty, Pat Twohill, Michael Pate's debut film - as an extra WW1Ĥ8 Shades (Daniel Lapaine, 2008) aka 48 Shades of Brown, wr. Camelot, budget $25m Emilie de Ravin, Vinnie Jones, Luke Hemsworth, Vince Colosimo warįorty Thousand Horsemen ( Charles Chauvel, 1940) Forty Thousand Horsemen, wr. Richard Moir Robert McDarra, Bill Hunter, Graham Corry, James Kemp, Richard Moir, Max Osbiston alcoholic imprisoned under section of Qld Mental Act Melbourne, colour, 16mm, 86 min.ģ Acts of Murder ( Rowan Woods, 2009) Robert Menzies, Luke Ford, Bille Brown, Bill McCluskey, Emma Booth, Nicola Bartlett telemovie, Arthur Upfield story, set in WAģ3 Postcards ( Pauline Chan, 2011) Guy Pearce, Zhu Lin, Lincoln Lewis dramaģ4th Battalion, The (Luke Sparke, tba) wr. Esben Storm, dp Michael Edols, design Peter Minnett, ed. Solomon Jim Knobeloch, Serge De Nardo, Angelo Salamanca war fantasy scifiĢ7A ( Esben Storm, 1974) prod. Stephen Amis, Serge De Nardo, David Richardson from novel 50,000 Years until Tomorow by J.J. Tim Burstall, Patrick Ryan Jeanie Drynan, Mark McManus, Eileen Chapman, David Turnbull, Michael Duffield, Stephen Dattner, Bruce Anderson, Dominic Ryan, Nicholas McCallum, Anne Charleston, Graeme Blundell writer's isolation: he only has 2000 weeks to achieve something in his lifeĢ5th Reich, The ( Stephen Amis, 2012) wr. Bill Mechanic, Steve Hutensky Teresa Palmer, Michiel Huisman, Sam Reid, Simone KessellĢ.37 (Murali Thalluri, 2006) aka 2:37 Cannes, Toronto 2006Ģ000 Weeks ( Tim Burstall, 1969) aka Two Thousand Weeks wr. Seth Larney, Dave Paterson Kodi Smith-MacPhee, Ryan Kwanten, Leeanna Walsman scifiĢ:22 (Paul Currie, 2017) wr. Damon Gameau Damon Gameau, Zoë Gameau, Eva LazzaroĢ067 (Seth Larney, 2020) wr. Liz Kearney, and many others Thomas Jane, Molly Parker, Dylan Schmid an American film by a director from WA, post-produced SFx in WA by SiameseĢ Door Mansion (David Rechtman, 2007) aka Two Door Mansion Pippa Grandison, Matthew Charleston the 'mansion' is a car 75 min.Ģ040 (Damon Gameau, 2019) wr. Zak Hilditch from novella by Stephen King. Lisa Hensley, Miranda Otto, Tim McKenzie, Jeff Truman, Vic Rooney, Tony Blackett, Michael Caton murdered son of exec haunts 13th floor where he was killed horrorġ5 Amore ( Maurice Murphy, 1998) Lisa Hensley, Steve Bastoni shot Hunter Valley NSW, best feature Noosa Film Festival 1999, best feature Aspen Film Festival 1998, screened 1999 Showtime PayTV channelġ00 Bloody Acres (Cameron Cairnes, Colin Cairnes, 2012) Damon Herriman, Angus Sampson, Anna McGahan, Oliver Ackland, Jamie Kristian, John Jarratt comedy horrorġ00% Wolf (Alexs Stadermann, 2020) Ilai Swindells, Magda Szubanski, Akmal Saleh family animation comedyġ922 ( Zak Hilditch, 2017) wr. David Hannay & Charles Hannah, dp Steve Prime, 90 min. There are also separate lists for NZ films by title and by date.ġ0Terrorists ( Dee McLachlan, 2012) Kendal Rae, Jasper Bagg, Aljin Abella comedyġ3th Floor, The (Chris Roache, 1988) wr. Many telemovies are included, but not shorts nor docos. Not every film listed here was actually completed or released. My intention is to list every feature film made (or planned) in Australasia with name of director/s and release date. Australian Cinema > all feature films - in alphabetical order Australasian feature films A B C D E F G H Serato dj vs rekordbox12/19/2023 This gives you the possibility to do live remixes and mashups much more efficiently. Stem decks on the other hand, enable you to load a track in stem format (track that’s already divided into stems – bass, drums, vocals etc.) onto your deck, and then control the volume and FX on each of the stem tracks. It’s essentially a sampler with extended capabilities and it works similar to the way Ableton handles audio files in performance mode. You can apply effects, change the tempo of the samples and manipulate them in any way that you would normally do with your standard deck audio output. Remix decks in Traktor simply allow you to load short audio clips that you can later use during your mix. Traktor Pro 3 has two features that Serato DJ Pro lacks: remix decks and stem decks. Virtual DJ Software – New Vital Features You Didn’t Know About Remix Decks & Stem Decks in Traktor Pro 3 If you’re planning to deal with video mixes a lot, we also advise you to take a look at Virtual DJ software which has extensive video mixing capabilities. On the other hand, Serato DJ Pro also doesn’t give you any kind of video mix feature unless you purchase an additional Serato Video expansion. Serato DJ Pro offers the optional Serato Video paid expansion pack for video mixing. In terms of video mixing, Traktor Pro 3 lacks video mixing capabilities and there are no expansions that could enable any kind of video mix feature. It used to be the case that Traktor lacked support for stacked waveform view, however Traktor Pro 3 is nowadays capable of replicating all waveform view modes that Serato DJ has to offer. In terms of user interface Traktor Pro 3 looks more technical and is closer in looks to Virtual DJ, when Serato DJ Pro is traditionally a little bit more simplistic in terms of its UI design. Let’s quickly go over the most important differences between Traktor Pro 3 and Serato DJ Pro. While both Serato DJ Pro and Traktor will be more than enough for both a beginner and advanced DJ on their own, there are a few substantial differences between them that might influence your choice when it comes to your software preference. Similarities – what both of them can do with easeīoth Serato DJ Pro and Traktor Pro 3 quite obviously give you the ability to mix and blend the tracks together, manage your track library and let you make use of basic additional functions such as audio FX, audio loops and cue point management. Hardware compatibility – supported DJ controllers.No flexible beatgrids in Traktor Pro 3 as of now. DVS support in Serato DJ Pro and Traktor.Custom MIDI mapping capabilities + customization.Remix Decks & Stem Decks in Traktor Pro 3.Similarities – what both of them can do with ease.In this article we will thoroughly compare these two pieces of software and point out all of their similarities, differences, upsides and downsides to help you decide which one is better for you and which one to choose in the end. Serato DJ and Traktor are one of the most popular choices when it comes to advanced DJ software alongside Virtual DJ and Rekordbox. Then, hack the optional nodes, but do not complete the hack. Note: This glitch was done on an unpatched version of the game. You can always return to Adam Jensen's computer later in the game to repeat this trick, or try it on other hacking challenges throughout the game. Repeat this trick as many times as desired to get a lot of XP early in the game. Make sure to keep loading and never select "OK" to complete the hack. For your third try, you will get +1500 XP, etc. For your second try, you will get +1000 XP. The game will keep your previous +500 XP bonus. Repeat the previous steps, and capture every optional node or the network node. Load the saved game you created before starting the hack. When the "Access Granted" window appears, do not select "OK". When you have acquired the optional nodes or captured the network node, pause the game, and load the saved game created before you hacked. While using Adam Jensen's computer, hacking the special reward nodes will get you a +500 XP bonus. Do not exit out of the hack or press a button to complete it you will also want to make sure you are getting an +XP bonus. Hack all optional nodes, or the Network node to instantly complete the hack. The Nuke Programs can be collected in the Sarif Manufacturing Plant, or while searching and hacking into the computers around Sarif HQ. Try to collect as many Nuke Programs as possible to help speed up the process. Use the discovered Praxis Kit and an earned Praxis point to upgrade to Hacking Security Level 3. This glitch works anywhere, but the first and easiest place to do it is at Adam Jensen's computer, which is located in his office at Sarif HQ, after returning from the Sarif Manufacturing Plant hostage situation. Picktorial handles video12/19/2023 Licenses do not expire and include free updates for a year. You can also use Picktorial as an extension to macOS Photos, and you can natively browse your Aperture libraries without converting them. It also makes it much easier to backup your photos using any solution like Time-Machine or Dropbox. This eliminates the time-consuming import process and saves the hassle in backing up and syncing a catalog. Picktorial offers a catalog-free workflow by automatically monitoring referenced folders. Instantly import your photos with a single step drag-and-drop, and use star-rating and keywords to manage them. Intuitive workflow, beautiful user interface: Picktorial supports more than 500 cameras and DCP color profiles for compatibility with Adobe Lightroom and Photoshop. All of these benefits come with a super-small file size! RAW editing:Ī GPU-based RAW processing engine for maximum quality and performance drives a super smooth workflow, where you never need to commit before making further edits. Your edits are saved between sessions so you can always go back - even when Picktorial is used as a Photos extension. Safely experiment with new ideas - everything is non-destructive:Ĭhange your very first edits without undoing the latest ones. Selectively adjust tone and color of specific regions, edit portraits with exceptional frequency-separation-based skin brush, remove spots, blemishes and unwanted objects with the Patch tool, blur out destructive backgrounds, give a personal touch with custom texture overlays and much more. Picktorial provides a rich array of tools, all of which operate in a fully non-destructive manner and with live preview. With carefully designed workflow and innovative technology, we made Picktorial the ultimate tool for every photographer to intuitively organize and enhance photos. Picktorial is a powerful, smooth, and intuitive photo editor that provides exceptional tools for enhancing and retouching photos - built exclusively for Mac. The camera profiles are compatible with Fujifilm X-Trans(TM) RAF files. This package contains 14 film simulations: 1. X-Pack Film Simulation for Fujifilm RAF A Camera Profiles pack for Picktorial 3 Get our all-in-one RAW editor/organizer + the all new X-Pack profiles for Fuji RAF - at a special price! After the Pequot War (1636–1637), Massachusetts Bay colonists sold hundreds of Native Americans into slavery in the West Indies. Seventeenth-century European legal thought held that enslaving prisoners of war was not only legal but more merciful than killing the captives outright. Wars offered the most common means for colonists to acquire enslaved Native Americans. Captain Thomas Phillips, master of a slave ship in 1694, did not justify his work with any such creed: “I can’t think there is any intrinsic value in one color more than another, nor that white is better than black, only we think it so because we are so.” 3 For Phillips, the profitability of slavery was the only justification he needed. 2Īll seventeenth-century racial thought did not point directly toward modern classifications of racial hierarchy. Skin color became more than a superficial difference it became the marker of a transcendent, all-encompassing division between two distinct peoples, two races, white and Black. The permanent deprivation of freedom and the separate legal status of enslaved Africans facilitated the maintenance of strict racial barriers. New laws gave legal sanction to the enslavement of people of African descent for life. The 1660s marked a turning point for Black men and women in English colonies like Virginia in North America and Barbados in the West Indies. English traders encouraged wars with Native Americans in order to purchase and enslave captives, and planters justified the use of an enslaved workforce by claiming white servants were “good for nothing at all.” Although the minister thought otherwise and baptized and educated a substantial number of enslaved people, he was unable to overcome enslavers’ fears that Christian baptism would lead to slave emancipation. Le Jau’s strongest complaints were reserved for his own countrymen, the English. He met enslaved Africans ravaged by the Middle Passage, Native Americans traveling south to enslave enemy villages, and colonists terrified of invasions from French Louisiana and Spanish Florida. And none, perhaps, would be as brutal and destructive as the institution of slavery.Īfter his arrival as a missionary in Charles Town, Carolina, in 1706, Reverend Francis Le Jau quickly grew disillusioned by the horrors of American slavery. Patterns and systems established during the colonial era would continue to shape American society for centuries. At the same time, colonial settlements grew and matured, developing into powerful societies capable of warring against Native Americans and subduing internal upheaval. Civil war, religious conflict, and nation building transformed seventeenth-century Britain and remade societies on both sides of the ocean. A new and increasingly complex Atlantic World connected the continents of Europe, Africa, and the Americas.Įvents across the ocean continued to influence the lives of American colonists. And yet the colonial backwaters on the North American mainland, ignored by many imperial officials, were nevertheless deeply tied into these larger Atlantic networks. The North American mainland originally occupied a small and marginal place in that broad empire, as even the output of its most prosperous colonies paled before the tremendous wealth of Caribbean sugar islands. Meanwhile, as colonial societies developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, fluid labor arrangements and racial categories solidified into the race-based, chattel slavery that increasingly defined the economy of the British Empire. Native Americans saw fledgling settlements grow into unstoppable beachheads of vast new populations that increasingly monopolized resources and remade the land into something else entirely. Whether they came as servants, enslaved laborers, free farmers, religious refugees, or powerful planters, the men and women of the American colonies created new worlds. 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